Understanding the Socio-Economic Consequences of Violent Service Delivery Protests: A Critical Overview of South African Dilemma
Author: Nhlamulo Mabunda
Received: November 12, 2025 | Revised: December 22, 2025 | Accepted: December 30, 2025
Abstract
South Africa has witnessed a growing number of violent service delivery protests, which have become a defining feature of the post-apartheid socio-political landscape. These protests, often sparked by the failure of local governments to deliver basic services such as water, electricity, and sanitation, reflect deep-seated dissatisfaction with governance and socio-economic inequality. While protests are a democratic expression of public discontent, the increasing resort to violence has raised concerns about their socio-economic consequences. This study critically examines the effects of violent service delivery protests on South Africa’s socio-economic development using qualitative data from academic literature, government reports, policy documents, and reputable news sources. The findings highlight disruptions to local economies, infrastructure damage, and the erosion of trust in public institutions. The study concludes that unless systemic governance challenges are addressed, violent protests will continue to undermine development efforts. Recommendations include strengthening local governance, improving transparency, and fostering inclusive citizen engagement.
Keywords: service delivery, socio-economic development, governance
Cite this article as:
Mabunda, N. (2025). Understanding the Socio-Economic Consequences of Violent Service Delivery Protests: A Critical Overview of South African Dilemma. Review of Socio-Economic Research and Development Studies, 9(2), 86-98. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18168362